ASSIGNMENT 2

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ASSIGNMENT 2

1.      ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES

Ø  ACTIVE SENTENCES

Active sentence itself is a sentence in which the subject to perform an action.

Formula :

S+V1+0+M

EXAMPLE :

a.      Ariana wants those books.

b.      They take picture sometimes.

c.       Tommy loves Emma much.

d.      Mia brings a beautiful bag and wears nice dress.

e.       We eat many foods.

Ø  PASSIVE SENTENCES

Passive sentences are sentences which the subject is subjected to work or subject to theact.
If we want to make passive sentences in the simple present tense, we require is, am, are. Here's the formula to make passive sentences in the simple present tense:

Positives: Subject + is / am / are + past participle / V3
Negative: Subject + is / am / are + Not + Past participle
Question:  is / am / are + Subject + Past participle

EXAMPLE :

a.       Lia Maemun makes a strawberry cake.

b.      A strawberry cake is made by Lia Maemun

c.       Rosinta writes a short story.

d.      A short story is written by Rosinta

e.       Anita repairs the work immediately.

2.      RELATIVE CLOUSES

Relative clause merupakan klausa dependen yang berfungsi menerangkan kata benda sehingga didapat informasi yang jelas mengenai benda tersebut. Untuk menghubungkan antar klausa digunakan kata penghubung seperti, that, which, who, whom, dan whose.

Ø  Use of Relative Clause (That, Which, Who, Whom, and Whose)

1.       Who
     Used for the person who serves as the subject.
Example : The man who is running is my brother
In this sentence there are really two sentences are:
Example :  The man is my brother
                    He is running

2.       Whom
Used for the person who serves as an object
Example : The students I met yesterday Whom are coming to my house.

3.       Which
Used for objects
Example : This is the book the which I always read

4.       hat
Used to people and objects
Example : The policeman that I talked to will retire next year

5.       Whose
Used to indicate possession
Example : The manager Whose secretary is beautiful is married

3.      DEFINITIONS OF CONDITIONAL  SENTENCES

Conditional sentence is a complex sentence (compound sentence) formed from the subordinate clause beginning with subordinate conjunction if such condition (condition) and the main clause in the form of result / consequence (result).

Ø  Conditional Sentence Type 1

It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if +Simple Present+Will-Future

Example:

1.      If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

2.      If she has much money, she will buy a new car for her father. (She will buy or not)

3.       Andi will leave the room if the teacher doesn’t come.

4.      Roy won’t be a doctor if he doesn’t pass the test.

5.      They will go to Borobudur temple if the planning runs well.

Ø  Conditional Sentence Type 2                                       

It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example:

1.  If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.

2. I would be there now if she invited me to her wedding party.
3. We would study abroad if we passed the final test.
4. If I had much money, she would marry me.
5. I would tell you the truth if I knew it.

Ø  Conditional Sentence Type 3

It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example:

1. If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

2. If she had got married with me last month, she would have been happy.
3. He wouldn’t have got an accident if he had driven the car carefully.
4. The horrible accident would have been avoided if the driver hadn’t been drunk.
5. The fuel price wouldn’t have been arise if the president had had another smart solution.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

http://www.umiuma.net/2015/04/contoh-kalimat-simple-present-tense_21.html http://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/englishstudy/kalimat-pasif-simple-present-tense.aspx

http://www.carabelajarbahasainggrisoke.com/2014/12/30-contoh-conditional-sentence-dan-penjelasan-sederhananya-type-1-type-2-type-3.html

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences

SOFTSKILL B. INGGRIS 2 (ASSIGNMENTS)

SOFTSKILL B. INGGRIS 2 (ASSIGNMENTS)

Ø  SIMPLE PRESEBT TENSE

Simple Present Tense is used to express the event or events, activities, activity and so is the case today. Present tense is also used to express a fact, or something that happens over and over again in the present.

The formula:
Positives: S + V1 (s / es) Negative: S + DO / DOES NOT + V1 +
Q: DO / DOES + S + V1

Example  :

a.       Alexa needs much time to do it.

b.      Andri and Shena like to drink Cola.

c.       Jenny looks so perfect with those rings.

d.      Mia and they go to campus by a van.

e.       Maira eats many vegetables everyday.

Ø  SIMPLE PRESENT COUNTINOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense is used to express, say (or whatever you call it) of what something is happening today, is currently underway.

The formula:
Positives: S + Tobe + Ving
Negatives: S + To Be + Note Ving
Q: Tobe + S + Ving

Example  :

a. Amira is going to the school by bus today.

b. Luna and Ron are loving to read book.

c. We are keeping running far away.

d. She is bringing many books.

e.  I am eating sandwich now.

Ø  SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Past Tense is to declare the events that have "Past". Past here there must have been a long time very well, the point is passed, has passed.

Formula:
Positives:S+V2
Negatives:S+didnot+V1
Q: Did + S + V1

Example  :

a.       I bought Asus Zenphone 8 in the mall.

b.       They drank too much Coca Cola last night.

c.       Juleha went to Romini’s new house.

d.      We drew the new painting about rich people.

e.       They ate my mother’s fried rice last Sunday.

Ø  SIMPLE PAST CONTINOUS TENSE

Past Continuous Tense is used to express events GOING too, but it is happening right now; it is happening but FIRST, but has passed.

The formula Past Continuous Tense
Positives: S + was / were + Ving
Negatives: S + was / were + NOT + Ving
Q: Was / Were + S + Ving

Example :

a. Amira was going to the school by bus when I met her yesterday.

b. Luna and Ron were loving to read book long time ago.

c. We were keeping running far away.

d. She was bringing many books.

e. I was eating sandwich yesterday.

Ø  SUBJECT-VERB agreement

Subject-verb agreement is a rapprochement between the verb (a verb) with the subject line in terms of number, namely: singular (singular) or plural (plural). Subjects can be either a noun (noun), pronoun (pronoun), or other construction acting as a noun, like gerund and infinitive. Basically, the singular subject (single subject) use the singular verb (singular verb), while plural subject (subject plural) using a plural verb (verb plural).

Subject-Verb Agreement (General)
Generally in the present tense, singular verb form base form (basic form) of the verb with the added ending (suffix) -s. As for the plural verb with no added ending -s (otherwise, subject plural ending -s added). These rules also apply verb on the subject in the form of a third person (third person, for example: Ricky, Anna) and all personal pronouns (they, we = plural; he, she, it = single), except I and you. Although the form of a single subject, I and you are paired with plural verbs (not including the verb "be" (was, am) on "I").

Example :

a.        My father or my mother is visiting your house.

b.      Neither Danny nor Siska does not want to work with me

c.       Neither David nor Dian does not help me to fix the car

d.      Either Keenan or Kugi has been ready to go.

e.       Either my brother or I am going to go to the grandpa’s house next week.

f.       The bag or those pencils are mine.

g.      The president or the armies are available to defend for our country.

h.      A pen and a pencil are the tools to write.

i.        Diana and Sudirman plan to jog with me tomorrow morning.

j.        Everybody loves my father because he is so kind.

Ø  PRONOUN

Noun or pronoun is a word that can replace a noun or noun phrase. Pronoun serves to avoid repetition of a noun or noun phrase the same mentioned earlier.

1.       Personal Pronoun (personal pronoun)
           Personal pronoun is a pronoun that indicates the person or naming. The personal pronoun used as subject and object. The table below menyenaraikan such use.

Example :

• Three days ago I met Ariel. Yesterday I met him again.
• My sister bought a new handphone. She loves it very much.

2.      Possessive Pronoun (possessive pronoun)
           Possessive pronoun is a word that shows ownership. There are two forms of the possessive pronoun is dependent (placed before a noun) and independent (placed after a verb). For more details, please you can see the table below.

Example :

• This is my book. The book is mine.
• This house is theirs.
• This is your pencil and those are hers.

3.      Reflexive Pronoun
            Reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that refers to the perpetrator's own activities in the sentence in question, or put an emphasis on the elements of the subject or object. This pronoun suffix gets -Self for singular and plural suffix -selves for.

Example :

• She laughed at herself.
• He himself drives to school.
• I myself open the door.
• My father cooked this meal himself.

4.      Demonstrative Pronoun
            Demonstrative pronouns are pronouns pointer by proximity: close (this and Reviews These) and far (that and Reviews those). Example sentence as follows:

Example :

• This is my mother, these are my sisters.
• That book is yours, those are mine.

5.      interrogative Pronoun
            Interrogative pronoun is a word that questioned people or objects. These include: who, Whom (who), Whose (has anybody), why (why), which (which), and what (what).

Example :

• Who did you call?
• What did you order?
• Why did you sell your cara?

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2014/05/10-aturan-penting-dalam-subject-and-verb-agreement-yang-harus-anda-ketahui.html

http://www.tipsbelajarbahasainggris.com/7-jenis-pronoun-yang-harus-anda-ketahui/

http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-simple-present-tense-lengkap/